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Harry flair fast, fast gun

P o my first encounter with the world of detective Michael Connelly and his cop Harry Bosch, I picked the recent Nine Dragons , fifteenth and latest published in these series (the sixteenth being planned for October). Given that Harry Bosch has been created in 1992 by Connelly, one can say that I did not hurry to discover this author, this character and his universe.

The Nine Dragons gave me the eye because he had a little flavor of triads and I told myself that a police investigation into a spider web woven by a triad and written by someone with the reputation of a great writer of detective fiction, it might be worth his weight in peanuts. After reading this novel, I must note that between "it can be worth his weight in peanuts" and "it could assert its weighing peanuts, there is a difference that is not semantics. With
Year of the Dragon ( Year of the Dragon), Robert Daley had offered readers a novel dense, exciting. With Nine Dragons , I tell myself that the number of dragons is not the quality of the novel. Not that the plot itself is somewhat interesting, I would say it is rather thin, although the astute reader may suspect part of what lies behind the veil of mystery . No, what I left viewer not immersed, almost detached, the pace of the investigation. Even a little effort, and Harry Bosch dethrone Jack Bauer, who saves the world in 24 hours clock. With three pieces
skeletal index, Harry-the-fast is able to recover in just over a day, a person who disappeared in the heart of Hong Kong. Hong Kong to China, I say if some would think that this is another Hong Kong, less known and smaller. Yes, Hong Kong and its seven million inhabitants, more than 6,000 people per square mile (well, maybe you'll tell me that it is four times lower than the density of Manhattan, one point for you), a city Harry Bosch that speaks neither language or dialect which he is not really familiar. Harry Bosch, you give it a bad piece of photo reference and found it without the slightest error in the room when the photo was taken in Hong Kong. Incidentally, he made the big shots of household gun.

I acknowledge that I am a fan of detective novels, while Harry himself, is a police inspector in Los Angeles. Giving it probably better than I in the exploitation of skeletal evidence. So superior, even, they seem totally unrealistic.
So I read the first half of the novel (which takes place in Los Angeles) with pleasure, and I turned the pages of the second half in a feeling of disbelief that eventually lead me to boredom.

And then there are these little things that make me tired. For example, why some writers feel they have to make their hero a veteran of the Vietnam War? Admittedly, some 3 million Americans were mobilized throughout the duration of the Vietnam War (which does not mean they were all in action, far from it), and a quarter they returned with posttraumatic stress disorder. But why should they all be heroes of the pen? I understand that when it is the central subject of a work (I think the overwhelming The Deer Hunter / Voyage to the Deer Hunter Michael Cimino ), but when it runs almost to coquetry or the artifice of narrative, I pick up.

In summary, I am far from convinced by this novel Nine Dragons. And it does not give me the urge to try their luck with another novel of the same author. Frankly, if you want a good book with a dragon in the title, put his hand on Year of the Dragon by Robert Daley . But forget what Nine Dragons.

* * * * *

By browsing the net looking for other reviews of this novel, I came across this one , which the author did not reach much lighter than the tell me in disappointment.

Fake Id In London Ontaroi

circumterrestrial / 2 ... Tonnerre de Brest ... and elsewhere ... Travel

... I hesitated ... to talk a little here, the last photograph found in Rimba. ... or our living planet with cough in Iceland ... But the O discretion only comes out of his little wooden ... enclosed in the O r from its library or get lost among the trees ... late at night ... most often ...

Also, I do propose today that the second chapter of my plan ... who alone has the power to take me far, far away ... Happy as ... Was this auxxx opposite of everything else ...

"Brest Land, Sea, Sky "; cliché Arnaud Abelard

D ESCRIPTION OF EASTER ISLAND. EVENTS THAT WE'VE ARRIVED.

MANNERS AND CUSTOMS OF THE PEOPLE.

L was Cook's Bay, in Easter Island or Easter, is situated in 27 ° 11 'south latitude and 111 ° 55' 30 "longitude west.

[...]

The landing is pretty easy at the foot of a statue which I will soon.

At daybreak, I did all have our down to earth. I had flattered to find friends, since I had filled all those present who had come on board the day before, but I too pondered the relationship of different travelers not to know that these Indians are big children the sight of our various furniture excites strong desires if they are all used to take it. So I thought it had to be withheld by the fear that I ordered and began the descent, a small device warrior and we did it in the end with four boats and twelve armed soldiers. Mr. Langle and I were followed by all the passengers and officers, except those necessary to board the two frigates for the service, we composed in it including the crew of our ships to trains, about seventy people.

Easter Island

Four or five hundred Indians were waiting on shore, they were unarmed, some covered with pieces of cloth, white or yellow, but the most were naked and many were tattooed their faces painted in red, their cries and their faces expressed the joy, they proceeded to give us a hand and assist our descent.

"View of wetting French frigates, Isle Mowee" [anachronistic representation circontanciée although in this case ... NDLA ] ,
design by François Blondel, 1786,

Series in drawings made during the expedition of Count La Perouse, 1785-1787

The island in this part , is about twenty feet high, the mountains are seven or eight hundred yards in the interior and the foot of these mountains, the land slopes gently to the sea This space is covered with grass I think proper to feed the cattle, the grass covered with boulders which are only laid on the ground and they seemed to me absolutely the same as those of the Isle of France, known in the country pumpkin, because the greatest number is the size of this fruit, and these stones, so that we find uncomfortable walking, are a blessing of nature, they remain grounded its freshness and humidity and compensate in part to the salutary shade trees that these people have been foolish enough to cut into time probably very remote, which exposed their soil to be burned by the heat of the sun and reduced them to have neither ravines or streams, or sources, they were unaware that, in small islands in the middle of an immense ocean, the coolness of the earth covered with trees can only stop, condense the clouds and the mountains and maintain an almost constant rain that spreads by springs or streams in different neighborhoods.

A long stay in the Isle of France, which looks so hard to Easter Island, I learned that trees do not grow back in Unless you are sheltered from onshore winds by trees or other enclosures of walls, and it is this knowledge that I discovered the cause of the devastation of Easter Island. The inhabitants of this island have less to complain about their volcano eruptions, long extinct, but their own carelessness. But as human beings is all that one gets used the most in all situations, that people seemed less unfortunate that Captain Cook and Mr. Forster. They arrived on the island after a long and arduous journey, destitute, sick from scurvy, they found neither water nor wood nor pigs: a few chickens, bananas and potatoes are very scarce resources in these circumstances. Relations bear the imprint of this situation. Ours was much better: the crews enjoyed the most perfect health in Chile we took what we needed for several months and we wanted to do this people that the ability to do him good, and we provided it with goats sheep, pigs and we had the seeds of orange, lemon, cotton, corn, and generally all the species that could succeed on his island.

Plan Isle de Paque. Lifted in April 1786 on board the French frigate Compass and the Astrolabe.
Atlas of the Voyage of Jean-Francois de La Perouse Galaup (1741-1788), 1797.
Paris, Imprimerie de la Republique.

Our first care, after landing, was to form an enclosure with armed soldiers, arranged in a circle and we enjoignîmes residents to leave this empty space, where we pitched a tent and I did go ashore I present the destination, as well as different beasts, but as I had expressly forbidden shooting, and my orders were not even away with the butt of rifle Indians who are too uncomfortable, and soon the soldiers were themselves exposed to the greed of these islanders, whose numbers had increased; they were at least eight hundred, and in this number there were many a hundred and fifty women. The physiognomy of many of these women was pleasant and they offered their favors to all those who would make them a present. The Indians undertook to accept, and some of them gave the example of the pleasures they could provide, they were separated from spectators by a simple homespun blanket, and during the provocations of these women were removed our hats on our heads and handkerchiefs our pockets, all seemed complicit flights that we did, just because they were committed that, like a flock of birds, they fled at the same time, but seeing that we did not use our guns, they returned a few minutes later, they recommenced their caresses and watched the time for a theft: this ride lasted all morning. As we were leaving that night, and a short space of time does not allow us to take care of their education, we took the party to have fun tricks as these islanders were using to rob us, and to remove any pretext for any assault, which could have fatal consequences, I announced that I'd make the soldiers and sailors hats that would be removed. These Indians were unarmed, three or four, on so many, had a sort of wooden club little daunting, and some appeared to have a slight authority over others, I took them for their heads and I was distributing medals that I tied around their necks with a chain, but I soon discovered they were precisely the most notorious thieves, and although they had the air to continue those who took away our handkerchiefs, it was easy to see that the intention was most decided not to join.

We only had eight or ten hours to stay on the island and we do not want to waste our time, so I entrusted the care of the tent and all of our belongings to Mr. Escures, my first lieutenant, I loaded further command of all soldiers and sailors who were ashore. We then We divided into two troops. The first orders of M. de Langle, was to penetrate as much as possible within Island, sow seeds in all places that seem likely to spread, test the soil, plants, culture, people, monuments, and generally anything that might be of interest in this very special people, those who felt the strength to go a long way enlisted with him and he was followed by MM. Dagelet, Lamanon, Duchy, Dufresne, La Martiniere, father Receiver, Abbe Monges and gardener. The second, which I was, merely sightseeing, platforms, houses and plantations around a mile from the hotel. The design of these monuments, given by Mr. Hodges, makes it very imperfectly what we saw. Mr. Forster believes they are the work of a people much larger than exists today, but his opinion does not seem justified. The biggest busts that are rude on these platforms, and we measured only fourteen feet six inches high, seven feet six inches wide at the shoulders, three feet thick in the belly, six feet wide and five feet thick at the base, these busts, I say, could be the work of the current generation, I think I can, without exaggeration, bringing the population to two thousand people. The number of women approached me seemed very of men and I saw many children as in any other country, and though, about twelve hundred people that our arrival had gathered around the bay, there was more than three hundred women, I don ' ve taken other than conjecture to suppose that the islanders of the end of the island had come to see our ships, and that women, or more sensitive or more occupied with their household and their children, remained in their houses so that we have seen that those who live in the vicinity of the bay. The relationship of Mr. Langle confirms this view: he has met in the interior of the island many women and children , And we all entered the cave where Mr. Forster and some officers of Captain Cook first believed that women could be hidden. These underground houses of the same shape as those I describe earlier, and in which we found small bundles, including the largest piece was five feet long and did not exceed six inches diameter. It can not however cast doubt that the people had not hidden their women when Captain Cook visited them in 1772, but it is impossible to guess the reason, and we need perhaps to how generous he behaved towards the people trust that your showed us and put us to reach a better judge of its population.

La Perouse, Jean-Francois de Galaup, Earl of, 1741-1788, 1799; Details Of The Monuments of Easter Island.
GG & J. Engraved Ed Robinson.

All the monuments that exist today, including Mr. Duchy gave a very accurate drawing, seem very old, they put out in morais as much as we can judge by the large amount bones found nearby. We can not doubt that the form their government has matched the conditions so there is no longer large enough to head a large number of men involved in the care of preserving his memory by erecting a statue to him. Was substituted for these colossal piles of small stones in a pyramid, the summit is a bleached lime water: these species mausoleums, which are the work of one hour for one man, are stacked on edge Sea, and an Indian, lying down to earth, has clearly identified that these covered a stone tomb then raising his hands toward heaven, he obviously wanted to express their belief in another life. I was very alert against this view and admit that I'm far away from this idea, but having seen several repeat sign, and Mr. Langle, who traveled in the interior of the island, like me reported same result, I no longer had any doubt about that and I think all our officers and passengers have shared this view: we have yet seen no trace of the worship, because I do not think anyone can make for the statues of idols, though the Indians have shown a kind of reverence for them. These colossal busts of which I have already given the dimensions, and prove very little progress they made in sculpture, are of volcanic production, known to naturalists as the lapillo : a stone is so soft and so light that some officers of Captain Cook believed it could be fake, and composed of a kind of mortar that had hardened in air. It only remains to explain how they managed to raise without a fulcrum enormous weight, but we are confident that this is a volcanic stone, very light and with the levers of five or six yards , and slippery rocks below, one can, as explained very well the Captain Cook arrive in raising a still greater weight, and a hundred men are enough for this: there would be no space for the work of many. And the wonderful disappears it goes to the nature of his stone lapillo , which is not fake, and there is reason to believe that if there are more new buildings on the island is that all conditions are equal and we're just jealous of being king of a people who are almost naked, who lives on potatoes and yams, and, conversely, these Indians could not be at war, since ' they have no neighbors, do not need a leader who has authority some extent.

"Islanders de Lisle & Monuments of Easter," drawing by Gaspard Duchy of Vancy (1759-1788), 1786,
Series in drawings made during the expedition of Count La Perouse, 1785-1787

I can only hazard guesses about the customs of a people whose language I could not hear and I did not see that one day, but I had the experience of travelers who m its predecessors, and I know perfectly their relationship and I could add my own thoughts.

The tenth part of the land is barely grown, and I am convinced that three days of work are enough to every Indian to get a living for a year. This facility provide for life made me believe that the productions of the earth were common as far as I am almost certain that the houses are common to at least a village or district. I measured one of these homes at our institution, she had three hundred and ten feet long, ten feet wide and ten feet high in the middle, its shape was that of a canoe overturned, it was impossible to enter only two gates of two feet high and slipping on his hands. This house can contain more than two hundred people: this is not the home of the leader, since there is no furniture and such a large space would be useless in itself it forms a village with two or three other small houses way apart.

There are probably a leader in each district who shall pay particular attention to the plantations. Captain Cook was believed that this chief was the owner, but if this famous navigator had some difficulty in obtaining a considerable quantity of potatoes and yams, least one must be attributed to the dearth of edible and the need to convene an almost general consent to sell.

For women, I dare say if they are common to an entire district, and children to the republic: it is certain that no Indian seemed have no women on the authority of a husband, and if the particular good of everyone, they are very wasteful.

Some houses are underground, as I said before, but the others are built of reeds, which proves that there is in the inland marshy places: These rods are very artistically arranged and fully guarantee the rain. The building is raised on a plinth of stone from eighteen inches thick, which were dug at equal distances, which enter holes poles that form the frame foldable with vault of mats ring adorn the space between these poles.

can not be doubted, as noted by Captain Cook, the identity of the people with the other islands of the South Sea: same language, even countenance their fabrics are also made from the bark of the mulberry tree, but they are very rare because the drought has destroyed the trees. Those who resisted this species have only three feet high, we even have to surround them with walls to protect them from the wind: it is noteworthy that these trees will never exceed the height of the walls that house them.

I have no doubt at other times these islanders have had the same productions as the Society Islands. The fruit trees have perished by drought, as well as pigs and dogs water is absolutely necessary. But the man who, at the Hudson Strait, drinking whale oil accustomed to everything, and I saw the natives of Easter Island to drink sea water, such as albatrosses Cape Horn. We were in the wet season there was a little brackish water in holes in the sea: we offered it in calabashes, but she rebuffed the most corrupted. I do not flatter myself that pigs which I made them multiply this, but I hope the goats and sheep, who drink and like little salt, will succeed.

At one o'clock, I returned to the tent with the intention of returning on board, so that M. de Clonard, my second, could turn down to earth : I found almost everyone without hat or handkerchief, our sweetness had emboldened the thieves, and I had not been distinguished from the others. An Indian who helped me get a platform, after having rendered this service, snatched my hat and ran off, followed, as usual, of all others; I did not do further and did not want to have the exclusive right to be assured of sun, because we were almost all without a hat. I continued to examine this platform: it is the monument that gave me the highest opinion of the ancient skills of the people to the building, for the word pompous architecture does not suit here. It seems he has never experienced any cement, but it perfectly cut and sharpened stones and they were placed and attached all the rules of art.

I collected samples of these stones are lavas of different density. The lighter, which therefore must be broken first, as the coating on the side of the interior of the island, the one facing the sea is built with a much more compact washer to resist any longer and I do know these islands any instrument or material hard enough to cut these stones may be a longer stay in the island had given me some clarification on this. At two o'clock, I returned on board, and Mr. Clonard down to earth. Then two officers of the Astrolabe came to realize that the Indians had just committed a theft new that had caused a fight a little stronger: divers were cut under water from the boat rode the Astrolabe and had removed his grapple, we did not notice that when the thieves were far enough in interior of the island. As we grapple this was necessary, two officers and several soldiers pursued them, but they were overwhelmed by a shower of stones: a gun-powder fired in the air had no effect, they were finally forced to fire a shot of small shot gun, some grains reached without doubt one of these Indians, for the stoning ceased, and our officers were able to return quietly to our tent; but it was impossible to join the thieves, who had to remain amazed that he had been tired our patience.

They soon returned around our facility; they began to offer their wives, and were also good friends at our first interview . Finally, at six o'clock everything was re-embarked, the boat returned on board and I made signal to prepare to sail. Mr. Langle I realized before our departure, his journey into the interior of the island [...] He had planted seeds throughout its route and he had given these island marks the utmost kindness. But I think complete their portrait in a related case, chef whom Mr. Langle this was a goat and a goat, received them with one hand and he flew his handkerchief in the other.

It is certain that these people were not flying the same ideas as us, they probably do attach any shame, but they know they commit a wrongful act, they would flee at once to avoid the punishment they feared that without doubt and we would not have failed to inflict, by proportioning the crime, if we had had some living to do in this island, for our extreme softness would eventually have unfortunate consequences.

There is nobody who has read the relations of the last passengers to take the Indians to the South Sea savages, they have instead made very great progress in civilization, and I think as corrupt as they can be related to circumstances where they are: my opinion on that is not based on the different flights that have committed, but on how they did it. The most shameless scoundrels of Europe are less hypocritical than those islanders, all pretenses were their caresses, their appearance did not express a single sentiment true: that he should be the most challenging was the Indian to whom we had made a Now, who seemed most eager to make a thousand little services.

They did violence to young girls between thirteen and fourteen years for the lead with us, hoping to receive the salary, and the reluctance of the young Indian was evidence that violated the law against them in the country. No French has exercised the right given to him barbarous and if there were a few moments given to nature, desire and consent were reciprocal, and women have taken the first costs.

I found in this country all the arts of the Society Islands, but with much less how to exercise, lack of raw materials. The canoes also have the same shape, but they are composed only of very narrow pieces of boards, four or five feet length, and can carry four people at most. I've only seen three in this part of the island, and I am somewhat surprised that soon, for lack of wood, there remained no one: they have also learned to do without; and they swim so perfectly with the largest sea they are two leagues off and looking for fun, while returning to Earth, where the blade will break with more force.

Bust of Jean Francois de Galaup, Comte de La Perouse

Coast seemed little fishy, and I think almost Edible all of these people are from the vegetable kingdom: they live on potatoes, yams, bananas, sugar cane and a small fruit that grows on rocks beside the sea, similar to clusters grape found around the tropics in the Atlantic Ocean. You can not look like a resource that some hens are very rare on this island: our travelers have seen no land bird, sea and those are not common.

The fields are cultivated with great intelligence. These islanders uproot weeds, pile up, burn them, and they fertilize the earth from their ashes. Bananas are aligned with the line. They also cultivate the solarium or nightshade, but I do not know for what purpose they use it if I knew their vessels that could withstand the fire, would think that, as in Madagascar or the Isle of France, they as an eating spinach, but they have no other way to cook their food than those mixed with earth so that all they eat is cooked as the oven.

The care they took measure of my ship proved to me that they had not seen our arts as fools, they examined our cables, our anchors, our compass, our steering wheel, and they came the next day with a string to measure again, which made me believe they had some discussions on this earth and that they some doubts remained. I consider them much less, because they seemed to me capable of reflection. I've given them one to do, and maybe they will go, is that we have made no use of them against our forces, they have not infringed, since the only gesture of a gun play made them flee. We do, however, addressed in their island to do them good, we've filled with presents, we have overwhelmed with caresses all weaklings, especially children at the breast, we sow in their fields all kinds of useful seeds and we have left their homes in pigs, goats and sheep are likely to multiply, we do have them asked nothing in return, however, they have thrown stones and they have stolen everything they were able to remove. It would, again, been careless in other circumstances to lead us with so much sweetness, but I was determined to go at night and I flattered myself that day, when our ships not perceive more they attribute our rapid departure just displeasure that we had to have their processes, and that this reflection might make them better: anyway this idea may be fanciful, browsers have a very small interest, this island n 'offering almost no resources to ships and being somewhat remote from the Society Islands.

Jean-Francois de La Perouse ; travel around the world on the Astrolabe and the Compass (1785-1788)

"Brest, Land, Sea , Heaven "cliche Arnaud Abelard

(To be continued ...)

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J e'll end up asking me if I do not have a background of masochism in crime fiction. Or if my nose was blunt to the point that I tend to buy books that police leave me lukewarm. Or if I am struck by an overdose of thrillers which means that I am more and more difficult to settle in this area.

latest example, The mystery of the house Aranda of Jerónimo Salmerón Tristant (Editions 10-18, 2009, ISBN 978-2-264-04905-6 ; original title, El misterio de la casa Aranda, 2007). For the record, I do not know why his name carries an accent on the "i" "Sad" in the French coverage, and for once the title in VF is faithful to the original title It had to be flayed the author's name! We

immersed here in the city of Madrid in the 1880s, an era still shaken by political tensions, upheavals arising from the dynastic crisis in the death of Ferdinand VII, the Carlist Wars, the first English Republic and the restoration of the Bourbons throne of a constitutional monarchy in favor of Alfonso XII. A political background is not presented in detail in the book and will miss perhaps some French readers, who will wonder what the many allusions rhyme that the author puts into the mouths of his characters on this ;, but this background is not essential from the point of view "policeman."

In this city of Madrid, capital of Spain in tension, a young sub-inspector of police will put his nose in criminal investigations in which the reader will witness. Jerónimo Tristant us simmered stew police that left me feeling a very mixed cuisine too rich in some respects and too bland in others.

Too rich wanting because, in my opinion, embrace too many things at once:
- the hero is a young policeman who had started with petty crime before being brought back on track by a police officer at the heart Gold became his mentor
- A young policeman is, of course, a liberal, in that Spain seeks his way, making it virtually a character avant-garde, almost anachronistic;
- the young man nor believes neither in God nor the devil (this I can not blame him), reads newspapers and liberals love to frequent the ladies priced at Madame Rosa
- from the popular classes, the young man will of course fall in love with a young aristocrat (who is almost forgotten girls at Madame Rosa). Impossible love? No, do so. The damsel is also conquered by liberal ideas and his father, he is an aristocrat, think only of his daughter's happiness and not a common interest;
- avant-garde on the political front, the young man is in police technology, capable of acquiring a few weeks of bases forensic science (forensic, ballistics, chemistry, etc..) which will, of course, a huge help in its investigation;
- the young detective is not facing a single investigation, but both at the same time: on one side, the serial murders of prostitutes (what do the police hierarchy, of course, no interest, but what The young man raised by his great heart, too, will devote its energy to the beautiful eyes that some prostitutes) and the other a house hit by a curse that a stanza of Dante's Divine Comedy would not be abroad;
- suspects came from the distant Philippines, where they float on the scent of Santeria and voodoo, or young aristocratic idlers depraved manners.
Phew, just that ...

Too bland because under these ingredients superabundant, the two plots fall as blown forgotten by the cook. Regulars thrillers have sniffed at ten locations in the round the killer of prostitutes almost from the moment the character in question appears in the novel. When the mystery of the house Aranda, who gives the book its title, it is likely in his grounds but implausible in its implementation.

Jerónimo Tristan And I did it that I hate above all in the novels, as I wrote in my previous post : the chapter in which the investigator explains in detail his reasoning, the evidence found and how they fit into the puzzle that he alone had the lucidity to comprehend, all reinforced by the confession, the menu also guilty of that explains everything the reader could not learn in the 300 preceding pages and the investigator himself had only a vague idea.

In short, outside of this framework that can disorient Madrid French readers, the mystery of the house Aranda was all very classic. Lovers of pastry cream and heavy final chapter "special revelations" may appreciate the whole. From my side, I prepared a digestive tea, hoping to do better pick the next time my hand grasping a thriller about a radius of bookseller.

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E NTERING a bookseller's shop where I did not realize for years, I've been tempted by the purchase of two novels Romano-antico-Police Danila Comastri Montanari , Mors tua (Editions 10/18, 2008, ISBN 978-2-264-04726-7; original Italian edition, 2000) and Cui prodest? (Editions 10/18, 2006, ISBN 2-264-04231-1; original Italian edition, 2001).

As I have already had occasion to write historical thrillers, I read a few shelves, some very good, some fair, and quite a others avoid. Among authors of mystery novels taking place in ancient Rome, my preference is, by far - I have clearly said, again - to those of Lindsey Davis , for your hard-boiled and cynical. I tasted the series by Steven Saylor (and his detective Gordian), John Maddox Roberts (and his plebeian Decius Caecilius Metellus), Cristina Rodriguez (and his praetorian Kaeso), which I found very unequal, each in turn. I still had to discover Danila Comastri Montanari novels.
Why those two rather than others (there were a dozen in the stack at the bookseller)? Because in their fourth reading respective coverage, these are two guys who made me say "hey, here I might be interested." Side Cui prodest? the murder of a slave and an index seems to revolve around the game latrunculi ; side Mors tua of the murder of a prostitute whom the hero's lover was discreet.

Race results (or rather reading)? These two novels are all there is more classic in the form of narrative in their conduct. What will delight fans of classic form, and leave the others on their hunger.
Classics in the process, especially with their respective final chapters in which all below the case are revealed during discussions between the "investigator" (here, a wealthy senator) and suspects (Including the culprit, of course). These "chapters of explanation" in which the perpetrators themselves reveal what led them to crime, in a sudden outpouring of food items offered in the player after a narrative studded with red herrings sometimes flimsy , make me an unpleasant effect of artificiality. That's what makes me dislike the novels of Agatha Christie, for example, and all its successors or imitators, even when they dress the classical pattern of Roman toga.
Classics, also in the springs of their intrigues. But let us not be unjust: that For thousands of years that we, human beings, we live and we tell the same stories, love and hate, jealousy and generosity, courage and cowardice. Products and ingredients have excellent stories, and worse. This is not the classic ingredients that makes the quality or failure of the recipe, but the talent of the chef and storyteller. In this, Danila Comastri Montanari I'm not the effect of a storyteller who hangs forever the attention of his audience, but it is at the very least, a storyteller from whom you never get bored. Danila Comastri Montanari

known portraits that live of his characters. In particular, and is the least of things, his "hero," Publius Aurelius Statius, a wealthy nobleman, holding the Epicurean philosophy (that is to say, to find happiness by refusing to be the slave of the unnecessary pleasures, even if the senator's behavior will often against this guideline), fair and generous master with his slaves. Readers will most acidic retort that if the senator was so generous that he will not have a hundred slaves in his service, his cooks and porters to his bathroom to his wives. But make this patrician an anti-slavery time of the Emperor Claudius, after the upheavals of the reign of Caligula might have been too avant-garde that Danila Comastri Montanari already made him someone who does not believe in the existence of the gods ...
Make no mistake, this is not good novels and ethnographic reports on the Rome of the '40s, and liberties are taken in the moods of the characters and their behaviors.

However, if you do not already know this author, or if you have already read some of his novels but not the two, I advise you to avoid reading them both along so close. Because that even if their plots are not completely identical, these two novels were still a fairly strong general resemblance, both revolving around love difficult.

* * * * *

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circumterrestrial / 2 ... Or the pride of kings moved ...

... Hungry for more stories salacious and small jars of raspberry jam to offer in a fairy delight ... But I defended him once ... though I defended him only in this case ... And how to fight against the fairies, I ask you, which I do not know any spell and have no pronounced vœuxxx ...??

Louis XVI donnant des instructions à Lapérouse le 26 juin 1785 ; Huile sur toile par Nicolas-André Monsiau, 1817

T abé des biels marins, la famillo fiérouzo,

Quan entend sous grans noums, fa bisté lugri l'el ;

Mais an aquel de Lapèyrouso

S'aluco, et tiro lou copèl !

Et joou tiro méou daban soun estatuyo,

Car lou puplé m'appren sa glorio tout à fèt,

Et l'entendi que fay brounzina dins la ruyo :

S'en enguèt lèn que pel fret ou pel fet,

Fusguet cambiata in brounzo ... brounzo and we turned.

Lapérouse Portrait (1741-1788), oil on canvas attributed to Francois-Hubert Drouais (1727-1775), eighteenth century

Youth and career of a browser ...

Jean-Francois de Galaup , count of La Perouse, was born August 23, 1741 at Castle Guo, in Albi, in the province of Languedoc.

Like most families Albigensian nobles, his family had grown rich in trade and had risen from the bourgeoisie to the nobility. In the sixteenth century, the family of Galaup is among the largest of Albi and will possess the eighteenth century, a considerable fortune which the land and a hotel of Guo considerable in the town of Albi, which still exists in the street School-Mage ...

In this family atmosphere that grows and will soon Lapérouse sea, fifteen years as a naval guard in 1756.

Area Map of Albi; Cassini map, 1780

While at Brest, he was hired at the age of 17 years in the maritime conflicts of the Seven Years War with Great Britain off North America, including Newfoundland and the St. Lawrence with his cousin Clement then with the Chevalier de Ternay, who would become her true guardian and the Caribbean.

Interior view of the port of Brest, 1793, oil on canvas by Jean-Francois Hue (1751-1823), 1793

(Note ... the anachronism of the tricolor at the time or Lapérouse attended this port ... NDLA)

In 1759, aboard the Great, he was wounded and taken prisoner by a squadron English off the Quiberon peninsula until 1761.

In September 1763, braking mechanism Chézac takes with him a few Guard Navy, including La Perouse, to drive the ship in Brest Lorient nine The Six Corps. La Perouse will be promoted to the rank of teaches 1 October 1764.

After nearly ten years, during which he remained assigned to the recognition and supervision of the French coast, he was charged with two trips: the first of April 1773 to 1775 as commander of the flute the Seine, where He took part in the campaigns of Bengal, China and India.

A second trip will cause the traveler to the Ile de France (Mauritius), from 1776 to 1778, aboard the frigate La Belle Poule .

Landscape Mauritius

During this navigation peacetime Lapérouse was promoted to lieutenant and May 24 following a knight of St. Louis, with a pension of three hundred books on the royal treasury.

The now Sieur de La Perouse, in his travels, when relaxed in the Ile de France, met a young Creole, the sweet name of Louise Broudou Eleanor, daughter of a colonial official .

Upon his return from India, Lapérouse planned to marry her and he imparted to his family. But the contender came from a layer Social smaller than the latter and her father meant her disagreement in a letter very virulent.

Rigobert Bonne (1727-1795) Isle de France, Paris 1791

Upon the resumption of hostilities (in 1778), he was given command of the frigate Amazon, and distinguished himself in the squadron of the Count d'Estaing by taking a British frigate, named Ariel.

He then took part in the War of Independence of the United States and fighting against the British West Indies to Labrador (shipping of Hudson Bay) where he demonstrates his value maritime and military capturing two British forts. In 1779, he returned to Freemasonry ...

Auguste-Louis de Rossel Cercy (1736-1824); Battle of Martinique, 1779

Joined captain in 1780 he went with the stars on the shores of New England, having met the frigate Hermione, commanded by Louis-René-Madeleine de Latouche-Treville, he met near the island royal enemy frigate and five smaller buildings. The frigate was taken with one of five buildings, the others escaped.

La Perouse then went to Cape French. is where we told him he was instructed to attack the British settlements on the Hudson Bay.

In 1783, after returning from combat and then he was forty-two years, he wrote to Mr and Mrs de Vesian, parents of Miss Vesian, when her parents seemed to want to see him married, because it was a noble one condition ... He wrote other letters to his parents' Promised Albigensian appearing to want to comply with the choice of his father. Nevertheless, he married Eleanor Broudou ...

In a letter to his mother, with accents very romantic, he writes: "I saw Eleanor. I could not resist I was consumed with remorse [...]. I forgot my vows, the vows of my heart, the cries of my conscience ... I can not be as Eleanor. I hope you give your consent ... "

The family still agrees to this marriage religiously celebrated in Paris, June 17, 1783 ... It then installs his wife in Albi.

During these two years he is not at sea, Lapérouse is often absent from the Albigensian, as shown in his earlier correspondence from Lorient, now in Paris.

Broudou Portrait of Eleanor, Countess of La Perouse (1755-1807)

Draft shipping ...

Then it is "highly recommended" to the king by the Minister of Marine and Fleurieu, director of ports and arsenals. Louis XVI entrusted a special mission: a trip around the world to continue and complete the work of Cook. The personality of Lapérouse intends it to such an expedition: "Bringing the liveliness of the inhabitants of southern countries spirit and pleasant natured, his gentleness and his amiable cheerfulness always made him look eagerly: matured by long experience, he joined a rare prudence that firmness of character which is the sharing of a strong mind and plus the kind of painful life of sailors, made him capable of attempting and successfully lead the largest companies. "

It was in 1785 that prepares passionate Lapérouse his journey in a century which saw shipments multiply and discoveries added discoveries, the century when the navy was at its peak. The Naval Academy, founded in 1752 in Brest, is restored as the Royal Academy in 1769. It will significantly improve the navigation instruments. Raising the longitude, big problem then becomes possible thanks to two recent inventions, respectively English and French: the marine chronometer and the "free exhaust.

card pre-trip Lapérouse erect the depot from the Navy in 1785. Copy of Louis XVI

The Franco-British colonial and competition (in India from 1745 to 1761, America from 1776) are compounded by the significant discoveries of English explorers. In ten years, made three voyages of Cook to the geography of the globe more progress than any of his predecessors combined. The increased travel is not just the result of a desire to know, as expressed for example in encyclopedists French, but also reflects the colonial ambitions of France, which came a century in competition with the British Empire.

At sea, France has less to offer than its competitor. The ports of Brest and Toulon are away from the central government and the passage to Toulon is blocked by the British in Gibraltar. France does not base on the Channel, controlled by two large arsenals of Plymouth and Portsmouth. As an island, England largely funded its fleet, while France held secure its land borders, there is investing a quarter of his credits. The disarmament of vessels in peacetime, the French tradition, interrupted the training of crews.

"Map of the Great Ocean or South Sea. Erected for the Relation of Discovery journey made by the French frigates and Boufsole aftrolabe in the Years 1785, 86, 87 and 88"

Lapérouse frequently mentions Cook, in a tone very flattering indeed, to criticize the errors, while flattering to be more accurate than him. Moreover, the instructions written in part by Louis XVI at Sieur de La Perouse clearly show that it is responsible for completing "whites left by Cook" . There is cooperation: envoy yield of England Revenue antiscorbutic, two compasses that belonged to Cook and lent by the Royal Society, and two sextants of a new type. In the example of Cook, La Perouse combine several methods to achieve the most accurate readings possible. It embeds the works of Cook, also very popular with French readers. But the prevailing political and economic conflicts. This is opening new routes and establishing new outlets, particularly in Alaska and Kamchatka, to study the plans of the English in New Zealand, to prepare the fur trade between North America and China, prospecting for whaling in the South Atlantic Ocean, to establish a possible cooperation with the English colonial Philippines, to name a few. Lapérouse "[...] [...] will carefully all the research that will enable him to make known, in some detail the nature and extent of trade in each nation, and land forces Sea that each will maintain the relations of friendship or interest that may exist between each of them and the chiefs and natives of countries where they have operations, and generally anything that might be of interest policy and trade " .

Beads and glass buttons used to trade, shipwrecks, the Compass and the Astrolabe

Travel Plan shall Lapérouse study trips Cook, and especially the third. Its objectives are fourfold:

"In the Southern Ocean, it would clarify the uncertainty regarding the direction of Bouvet and complete investigations by Cook the Sandwich Islands and South Georgia South. In the tropics, it should continue exploring the islands between the Society Islands, New Zealand, Australia and New Guinea, then consider the Gulf of Carpentaria. On the coasts of Asia, Lapérouse should extend its research in China in Kamchatka, with particular attention to solving problems relating to the island of Yezo (Lapérouse wrote that Jesso) . Across the Pacific, he had to carefully explore the coast of America to discover a passage to the Atlantic across the continent. "

travel very ambitious about 150 000 km for 1300 days before completing alone the three voyages of Cook: "If, as we are entitled to expect from the zeal and skill of the commander of the expedition, all items listed in its instructions have been met, the trip by Mr. de la Perouse no longer leave the Mariners want to try discoveries, that the merit of giving us more detailed information on some positions of the globe ". Five cards are drawn up for the occasion "cards from the best French, English, English and Dutch" . Two copies of each ship, and one on which Louis XVI will travel.

Canon meridian

Two flutes, the Ostrich and the Porter, each of forty-five feet and five hundred tons (about 1400 m3 ), were armed frigate in the port of Brest and renamed. Lapérouse embarked on the Compass; the Astrolabe commanded by Viscount Fleuriot Langle, Captain, one of the most learned naval officers and former companion of war Lapérouse. Staffs, chosen by Lapérouse were composed of experienced officers; many scholars and artists will also join the expedition. Compass carries two lieutenants, three ensigns, four marine guards, eleven engineers scientists and artists, seven petty officers and pilots, eight gunners and riflemen, twelve carpenters, caulkers and sailboats, forty topmen, quartermasters and sailors, fourteen gunners gunners, seven domestic and seven supernumerary.

Sextant manufactured by Mercier in Brest before 1785 - Wreck the Compass (excavation 2005)

L'Astrolabe was composed of roughly the same way. Or about two hundred and thirty people on both vessels, including nearly half of Britons. This number will decrease significantly during the trip because of the sinking of the French port, Alaska (twenty and one death) and the massacre of Tutuila, Samoa (thirteen deaths, including one later after the injury). Six people will be landed in various places, sometimes a little sick. Approximately half of these will be replaced: two lieutenants, eight marines, one sailor and a servant will be shipped to Manila, twelve Chinese sailors and another lieutenant in Macao. Only two members of the crew died of disease, and end of trip only: a sign of dysentery on the Astrolabe and the cook officers Compass of scurvy in 1787.

That same year, a steward also died of a gunshot injury: "No browser has been protracted campaign [...] with crews as healthy [... ] [...] after thirty months and more than 16,000 miles of road. "

Food Marine. Extraordinary services. List of food on board for shipment

Lapérouse will have to apply measures prevention of scurvy and hygiene recommended by Cook: "To visit and aired during his stays in port, the parts of these provisions, which would announce a principle of alteration [...] and it will be principally concerned all resources which may arise in the different breaks, [...] to provide fresh fish to their crews and [...] renew its cured. "

compass azimuth with the mica plate, made by Gregory in London before 1785 - Wreck of The Compass (excavation 2005)

Perfectly assisted by the indefatigable Rollin, a physician whom he holds in high esteem, he has complied with the following recommendations: "He will use all known means such as fans, fumigations, perfumes, to renew and purify the air from the dock and decks. It will be every day, if possible, expose to fresh air hammocks and clothes of the crew. ".

Scientific Instruments (dividers, foot king) of the shipment Lapérouse

Regarding Lapérouse relationship with his crew, "the reader will be somewhat surprised to [...] [...] confidence, sometimes even the deference he showed to his officers and his fatherly care towards his crew : [...] nothing escaped his surveillance, his solicitude. Not wanting to make a scientific enterprise mercantile speculation, leaving the entire benefit of trade goods for the benefit of the few sailors from the crew, he reserved for himself the satisfaction of having been useful to his country and Science ».

graphometers, angle measuring instrument - Wreck of The Compass (excavation 1999)

Among scholars, there is an engineer, surgeon, meteorologist, astronomer, physicist, doctor, interpreter, a botanist, a watchmaker, naturalist. Artists are responsible for "draw [...] all views of land and sites remarkable portraits of the natures of different countries, their costumes, their ceremonies, their games, their buildings, buildings, sea, and all productions of the earth and sea in the three kingdoms ". Of the surplus, there is a baker, steward, butcher, cooper, cook, carpenter, blacksmith, master gunsmith. There are also chaplains on board and a drum. King liked to say that buildings of Cook were not as well stocked as those of La Perouse. It carries including three hundred and fifty tons of food, many scientific books and seeds to distribute to the people visited. Scientific equipment is far superior to that of Cook: More rigging and sails included (Cook had failed); more scientists on board, including an interpreter who had failed Cook. The resources allocated to Lapérouse are considerable, at the height of what he wrote before his departure Fleurieu: "If we meet the Minister's views, it is certain that this trip will be cited in the seed and keep afloat in our names space centuries after those of Cook and Magellan. "

The island Vanikoro

The start of the adventure ... and the tragic disappearance of the expedition ...

The two ships leave the harbor of Brest on the, in August 1785 and reached the island of Madeira on August 13 and Tenerife (19-30 August). After crossing the equator, September 29, they come to Trinidad and then head to St. Catherine, where they anchored on November 6. En route, vainly sought Lapérouse Ascension Island whose position was now very doubtful. Part of Sainte-Catherine November 19, the expedition finds the Big Island until December, in vain.

In January 1786, the ships through the Straits of Le Maire along Tierra del Fuego to Cape Horn. they double on Feb. 8 to wet in La Conception at the end of this month. April 9, the vessels anchored at Easter Island in Cook's Bay. From there they head to the Sandwich Islands following a route roughly parallel to that of Cook in 1777, but paid about eight hundred miles farther east, across a sea quite unknown.

May 29, frigates anchored at the island of Mowee (Maui) in the Sandwich Islands, then head to the west coast of America (where Cook had been repeatedly postponed by currents) and along to the Monterey (June 23 to September 15). During this trip, Lapérouse recognizes the mouth of the Bering River and Mount Fairweather. He discovered and named the Bay of Marti, the port of the French, and the island called "Cenotaph" in tribute to the fallen. These findings are confirmed by Vancouver. It was during this journey that takes place in a sinking boat that engulfed six officers and fifteen men.

On 24 September, the Monterey boats leave for Macao, where they wet January 3, 1787 after having passed through the Marianas and Bashi. He learns that Nov. 2 was appointed head Wing. Macau is that it sends the first part of his journey by Dufresne, a naturalist. This would have left an account of the expedition under a pseudonym.

Map Vanikoro islands (or Lapérouse)
extracted from the Atlas of travel of the corvette L'Astrolabe J. Dumont d'Urville (1826 -1829), published in 1833

During the trip, discovered a rock Lapérouse arid he called Necker Island, and a very dangerous rock, which he called French Frigate Low . He arrived in Manila on 28 February and April 9 restarts to recognize the coasts of Japan and those of Tartary. After recognizing the island of Formosa, the expedition into the Sea of Japan through the Korea Strait. May we discover an island called Island Dagelet. June 11, the vessels reached the coast of Tartary, the skirt and into the canal that separates the island Ségalien; Lapérouse then discovers berries Ternay de Suffren de Castries and Langle. Then, back down south, he discovered the strait which still bears his name and, through the channel of the compass the island chain that extends to Japan, it reached the Kamchatka on 7 September. From this anchorage, he sends in Europe Barthelemy de Lesseps, Consul of France speaking several languages (including Russian), which brings together some of his diary after thirteen months of travel in harsh conditions. He even had to learn to drive sled dogs. Thus, de Lesseps, Ferdinand de Lesseps uncle, escaped the doom that awaited Lapérouse and his companions. He left a fascinating account of his adventure.

Remains of the equipment of troops for the protection of shipping Lapérouse

starting again on September 29 Kamchatka Lapérouse abandons the project of recognizing the Kurile islands, due to westerly winds, and seeking in vain an island supposedly discovered by the Spaniards in 1620, then December 9, comes in Tutuila (he calls Maouna, named after the chief of the island). The browser crosses the equator for the third time. It is in this release that are killed, massacred by the inhabitants, Mr. Langle Mr. Lamanon, physicist, and ten crewmen.

Lapérouse kept his cool and made no retaliation. In Unlike Cook, who was murdered in Hawaii during a punitive expedition organized by him for reasons far less. After this tragedy, shipping recognizes the Friendly Islands, those Navigators (Samoa) and finally Norfolk Island before reaching Botany Bay near Sydney, where she anchored 26 January 1788.

From there left for France last Lapérouse letter dated February 7, 1788, and part of his journal, reported by the British who have always respected and admired the browser.

gun belonging to one of the passengers or officers of the Compass (excavations 1999)

He had explored the subtropical islands and the Gulf of Carpentaria, but we can not say what that he was able to achieve before his death in the vast South Pacific, probably during a tropical cyclone in 1788. He played a similar role in France than in England Cook. Bound to him until her tragic destiny, he did not have time for the match in his discoveries. However, representing very accurately the number of material facts, his statements and comments constitute a valuable heritage.

Ink and other items belonging to members of the expedition Lapérouse - Wreck the Compass

The journal of explorer ...

notes and letters Lapérouse, dictations, and sometimes written by him are preserved in the National Archives. In 1791, a decree of the Convention ordered the printing of maps and memoranda sent by the browser.

The author said about their eventual release: "If you print my diary before my return, that one takes care not to entrust the writing of letters to a man, or he will want to sacrifice pleasant turn of phrase as it may deem proper word hard and cruel, that the sailor and scholar [...] prefer, or, putting aside all the nautical and astronomical details, [...] it is likely, by [...] the lack of knowledge that will become fatal errors to my successors, but choose a writer versed in the sciences, which is capable of [...] rectify the mistakes that I might have missed, none at commit other. This writer will focus on the merits, it will not remove anything essential and will present the technical details with the style rough and rugged, yet concise, a sailor, and he will have fulfilled its task in my deputy, and publishing the book as I wanted to do it myself. "

The book did not appear until 1797, in four volumes at the end of the Management ...

Site de la Faille, Wreck the Compass

Reading Relationship Travel Lapérouse is interesting on several counts for a drive today. First one is surprised by the boldness, courage and ambition of the seaman trained, do not forget, in the hard school of maritime wars over more than twenty years. It is an experienced and capable browser. Then, some parts of his story can be considered an embryo and anthropological literature. The discovery of the world is the discovery of men. The descriptions of the inhabitants of Easter Island, Indian missions of California, populations of Kamchatka and China, very careful, reveal remarkable powers of observation, the desire to identify the other and see what is original, unexpected, even bizarre.

Lapérouse has the feeling that beneath the apparent diversity of forms of social life, there is a common principle that unites all beings, the unity of mankind.

In addition, a host of observations, geographical, climatic and so on., Which represent the amount of work done not only by Lapérouse, but also by scholars who embarked with him and with him perished all.

Shot glasses, wreck of the Compass (excavation 2005)

The narrative is not only interesting for what it brings us new information on the countries and peoples visited, but also by what he tells us about the ideology of a cultured and curious about the French Enlightenment. The vision is certainly, in most cases, purely Eurocentric and "naively" colonial. We note, for example, that at no time Lapérouse arises the question of whether it is fit to impose, not least in the form of grants, new animals or plants to the new "natural".

bearer rationalist optimism of his age and his faith in progress and utility, Lapérouse develops its exploration as an introduction to a possible colonization, exploitation profitable (the fur trade otter, for example) and an enhancement of territories and people. If he criticizes the English colonization, because it considers that it is not sufficiently effective, modern and "human" to convert the inhabitants of the colonies into producers and consumers.

battery bucket, weight balance precision wreck Compass (excavation 1999)

Lapérouse, it seems, attempted to use the least possible force in its relations with some people who seem to have been aggressive against the shipment, as evidenced by the massacre of Langle and eleven of his sailors. It will thus be attached "to imitate the conduct of a few browsers that have outperformed, and avoid the mistakes of others. Upon his arrival in each country and will take care to conciliate the friendship of the principal leaders, both by kindnesses as by present [...]. He will use all honorable means to form bonds with the natives. It will seek to know what goods or articles from Europe which they seem to attach more value, and he composed an assortment them enjoyable, and that can invite them to trade ".

To this end, we had won, among other items, medals the effigy of the king and 1400 packets of glass beads (beads). "M. La Perouse, in every opportunity, use it with great gentleness and humanity towards the various peoples he visits in the course of his journey. " These recommendations aimed at preventing violence against the Mariners. Let us not forget that Cook himself had been murdered in Hawaii and no vessel had dared to tackle for seven years.

These instructions were also designed to make the trip beyond criticism. Some philosophers disapproved shipments because they could lead to acts of barbarism in the history of letting some people damaging effects indeed indelible. The introduction of diseases (measles, influenza, syphilis) also put evil people visited. (The one in Hawaii, for example, passed in eighty years from 300 000 to 50 000.)

Sky Brest cliche Arnaud Abelard

However , Lapérouse not found everywhere he went what is commonly called "savages." Despite what he wrote about human nature: "It is impossible to make firm [...] with human nature because it is barbaric, wicked and deceitful ", despite it expresses disagreement with the" philosophers' "They do their books by the fire and I travel for thirty years" , indicating that "the people that we painted so good because they are very close to nature " are cruel and devoid of any sense of right and good, he adds these significant words: " This nature is sublime in its masses, it neglects all details. "

is why we find in his account of evidence that go against what he said about the man of nature, he in fact describes peaceful peoples, and with hospital, he said, a certain degree of "civilization."

Within these apparent contradictions, the reader will see emerge Lapérouse a number of new ideas that are the foundation of anthropological thought of the nineteenth and twentieth century. Such is the case, for example, the notion of unequal development of various sectors of social life and intellectual people at a time when people still believed in progress necessarily uniform across all these sectors.

is the way to read La Perouse, in all its Eurocentric approach to man of the Enlightenment, simultaneously humanistic and scientific colonialism.

story of adventure, loosely based, though widely copied freely, according to the instructions of the introductory edition of "Journey around the world on the Astrolabe and the Compass (1785-1788 ) "by Helen Patris, 2008 ...

(To be continued ...)